#Concept #Study #CPP ## cout A simple output using `cout` from `std` namespace is used to output something to the console when running a program. ```c++ #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){ cout << "Hello world!" << endl; return 0; } // Console Output: /* Hello World! */ ``` `endl` at the end of a cout line will flush the current buffer, this is usually only done at the very beginning, for a more efficient use `\n` is used for a new line. ```c++ cout << "Hello world!\n"; cout << "Hello world!" << endl; // Console Output: /* Hello World! Hello World! */ ``` Variables can also be output with cout: ```c++ int number1 = 12; cout << "Hello world!\n"; cout << "Your number is: " << number1 << endl; // Console Output: /* Hello World! Your number is: 12 */ ``` ## cin `cin` is used inside c++ to store input from the user inside a buffer, which is then assigned to a variable. Whitespaces and other types of input that are not part of the variable where the input is stored into are ignored. When asking for 2 integers with `cin`, and you enter `100 200` both of the cin will be automatically fill both variables, as the first one only takes the `100` and stops at the whitespace, the 2nd cin will take the remaining `200` integer. ```c++ #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){ int num1; cout << "Input integer:" << endl; cin >> num1; return 0; } // Console Output: /* Input integer: */ ``` multiple `cin` can also be chained, which will take 2 inputs, like this: ```c++ cin >> num1 >> num2; ``` ## 🔗Resources